{"id":994,"date":"2025-01-29T14:11:25","date_gmt":"2025-01-29T13:11:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iseum.it\/?page_id=994"},"modified":"2025-02-27T13:36:54","modified_gmt":"2025-02-27T12:36:54","slug":"tempio-e-area","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.iseum.it\/en\/storia-e-descrizione\/tempio-e-area\/","title":{"rendered":"Temple and area"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"994\" class=\"elementor elementor-994\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38f42c8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"38f42c8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a1ca4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4a1ca4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-347b4df e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"347b4df\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a68640c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a68640c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79d81b7c animated-slow elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"79d81b7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">TEMPLE AND AREA<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc65f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"cc65f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87a7265 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"87a7265\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-map-pin\" viewbox=\"0 0 288 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M112 316.94v156.69l22.02 33.02c4.75 7.12 15.22 7.12 19.97 0L176 473.63V316.94c-10.39 1.92-21.06 3.06-32 3.06s-21.61-1.14-32-3.06zM144 0C64.47 0 0 64.47 0 144s64.47 144 144 144 144-64.47 144-144S223.53 0 144 0zm0 76c-37.5 0-68 30.5-68 68 0 6.62-5.38 12-12 12s-12-5.38-12-12c0-50.73 41.28-92 92-92 6.62 0 12 5.38 12 12s-5.38 12-12 12z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Roma, Rione Pigna, Campo Marzio<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e9b1e1 animated-slow elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3e9b1e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Regio IX - Circus Flaminius<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2dc8ceaa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2dc8ceaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the final centuries of the Republic, Rome's Campus Martius was home to a significant religious complex dedicated to Egyptian cults: the Iseum-Serapeum, also known as the Iseum Campense.<\/p><p>This temple, the most important sanctuary devoted to the Alexandrian deities in Rome, was located in Region IX and enclosed by a perimeter wall. Documented entrances included the Arch of Camigliano and the Arch of Janus at Minerva. These gates did not lead directly to the temple but opened onto a vast courtyard that connected Piazza dei Saepta with Via Lata.<\/p><p>The courtyard, likely adorned with the obelisk now standing in Piazza Navona, served as the main access point to the Iseum.<br \/>The temple itself stood beside the expansive Piazza dei Saepta Iulia, which, originally used for elections, later became a space for markets and military assemblies during the imperial era. Since the time of Sulla, the complex had consisted of multiple buildings, later expanded and restored by emperors such as Caligula and Domitian. The Iseum covered an extensive area, stretching over 400 meters along a north-south axis, encompassing what are now Via del Seminario, Piazza di S. Stefano del Cacco, Via di S. Ignazio, and Piazza del Collegio Romano.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-540aa57 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"540aa57\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09b827c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"09b827c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c571b85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-gallery\" data-id=\"c571b85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;columns&quot;:1,&quot;aspect_ratio&quot;:&quot;9:16&quot;,&quot;lazyload&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;gallery_layout&quot;:&quot;grid&quot;,&quot;columns_tablet&quot;:2,&quot;columns_mobile&quot;:1,&quot;gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;link_to&quot;:&quot;file&quot;,&quot;overlay_background&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;content_hover_animation&quot;:&quot;fade-in&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery__container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iseum.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/512px-Kircher.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c571b85\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"La seconda piazza porticata dell\u2019Iseo ed il tempio di Iside in un disegno di Athanasius Kircher\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"La seconda piazza porticata dell\u2019Iseo ed il tempio di Iside in un disegno di Athanasius Kircher\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTY1OSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5pc2V1bS5pdFwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDJcLzUxMnB4LUtpcmNoZXIuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYzU3MWI4NSJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/www.iseum.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/512px-Kircher.jpg\" data-width=\"512\" data-height=\"665\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3947868 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3947868\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25cac9aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25cac9aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>According to the <strong>studies of Rodolfo Lanciani<\/strong>, the Iseum included:<\/p><ul><li>a double temple featuring Egyptian architectural influences.<\/li><li>a porticoed area designated for worship and social gatherings<\/li><li>storage facilities and living quarters for priests and temple staff.<\/li><\/ul><p>A processional avenue (<em>dromos<\/em>), lined with sphinxes, lions, and obelisks, traversed the central courtyard, leading to the main temple.<\/p><p>This was a tetrastyle prostyle structure, raised on a platform accessed via a staircase adorned with bas-reliefs and hieroglyphs. At the entrance, two statues wearing the double crown symbolized the unity of Upper and Lower Egypt, while the architrave was embellished with a winged solar disk.<\/p><p>The <strong>tympanum was dominated by a<\/strong> statue of Isis, depicted holding a situla in her left hand and a patera in her right. Above her, Isis-Sothis was portrayed riding the celestial dog Sirius, reinforcing her association with the cosmos and the afterlife.<br \/>The neighborhood surrounding the Iseum functioned as a true Egyptian district, inhabited by priests, artisans, and merchants\u2014resembling a Roman quarter in Alexandria, Egypt. This reflected Rome\u2019s approach to integrating Egyptian culture rather than merely subjugating it.<\/p><p>The presence of an Egyptian colony in the city, documented until the late 4th century, suggests that Egyptian funerary customs and rituals were practiced in Rome, though the exact location of burial sites remains uncertain.<br \/>The Iseum Campense underwent several restorations over the centuries, particularly following the fire of 80 AD. Under Domitian, the temple was enriched with Pharaonic and Hellenistic elements. In the 2nd century, Hadrian added a hemicycle for the Serapeum, while later renovations were carried out under Alexander Severus, Diocletian, and Maximian.\nMany Egyptian artifacts discovered in Rome originate from this area, including columns, obelisks, statues of Egyptian deities, and sphinxes, many of which are now preserved in the Vatican Museums and other collections.<br \/>The decline of the Iseum began in the 4th century with the progressive Christianization of the Empire. By the 6th century, statues along the dromos were toppled, and materials from the temple were repurposed for Christian buildings, including Santa Maria in Trastevere. The sanctuary remained partially intact until 1084, when Rome suffered devastation at the hands of the Normans and Saracens. In the following centuries, the remaining columns and decorative elements were dismantled and repurposed in churches and palaces, marking the final disappearance of Rome\u2019s great Egyptian temple.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><em style=\"font-size: 16px;\">SOURCE: B. de Rachewiltz, A. M. Partini - ROMA EGIZIA: cults, temples and Egyptian divinities in Imperial Rome - Mediterranean Editions Rome<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a0f67a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6a0f67a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-147a7154 elementor-widget elementor-widget-gallery\" data-id=\"147a7154\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;columns&quot;:3,&quot;aspect_ratio&quot;:&quot;9:16&quot;,&quot;overlay_title&quot;:&quot;title&quot;,&quot;lazyload&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;gallery_layout&quot;:&quot;grid&quot;,&quot;columns_tablet&quot;:2,&quot;columns_mobile&quot;:1,&quot;gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;link_to&quot;:&quot;file&quot;,&quot;overlay_background&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;content_hover_animation&quot;:&quot;fade-in&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery__container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iseum.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/MAPPA-4.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"147a7154\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Frammenti della pianta marmorea\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Frammenti della pianta marmorea con il Serapaeum e il Delta (da Rodriguez-Almeida 1981)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTg2OSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5pc2V1bS5pdFwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDJcL01BUFBBLTQucG5nIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiMTQ3YTcxNTQifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/www.iseum.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/MAPPA-4.png\" data-width=\"1901\" data-height=\"2494\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFragments of the marble plan\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iseum.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/MAPPA-5.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"147a7154\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Pianta moderna del Campo Marzio centrale\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Pianta moderna del Campo Marzio centrale, con posizione dell&#039;Iseo e Serapeo (da Roullet 1972).\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTg3MCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5pc2V1bS5pdFwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDJcL01BUFBBLTUucG5nIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiMTQ3YTcxNTQifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/www.iseum.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/MAPPA-5.png\" data-width=\"1791\" data-height=\"1546\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tModern plan of the central Campus Martius\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iseum.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/MAPPA-6.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"147a7154\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Pianta ricostruttiva\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"Pianta ricostruttiva dell&#039;Iseo-Serapeo (da Lembke 1994).\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTg3MSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5pc2V1bS5pdFwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDJcL01BUFBBLTYucG5nIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiMTQ3YTcxNTQifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/www.iseum.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/MAPPA-6.png\" data-width=\"2279\" data-height=\"2930\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tReconstructive plan\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a91cb13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a91cb13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TEMPIO E AREA Roma, Rione Pigna, Campo Marzio Regio IX &#8211; Circus Flaminius Nei secoli finali della Repubblica, il Campo [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":341,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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